Operational Costs and Their Impact on Net Profit: Evidence from Land Transportation and Logistics Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Keywords:
Operational Costs, Net Profit, Transportation and Logistics, Cost Management, ProfitabilityAbstract
This study investigates the effect of operational costs on net profit among land transportation and logistics companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) over the period 2020–2024. Motivated by the persistent volatility in profitability observed across this sector, the research applies a quantitative approach using secondary financial statement data. A sample of nine companies was selected through purposive sampling from a population of 12 listed firms. Hypothesis testing employed Pearson product-moment correlation, simple linear regression, coefficient of determination, and partial t-tests using SPSS version 29. Correlation analysis yielded r = 0.871, indicating a very strong positive relationship between operational costs and net profit. Simple linear regression produced the equation Ŷ = 7,812,445,230.17 + 0.152X, implying that every one-unit increase in operational cost is associated with an increase of IDR 0.152 in net profit. The coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.759, signifying that operational costs account for 75.9% of the variation in net profit, while the remaining 24.1% is attributable to other unexplored factors. The partial t-test confirmed a statistically significant relationship (t-count = 10.857 > t-table = 2.017; p < 0.001). These results align with cost-volume-profit theory and resource-based view perspectives, suggesting that strategic cost management remains central to profitability in asset-intensive logistics firms.
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